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Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Abstract

Rapeseed and mustard (Brassica spp.) are critical oilseed crops contributing significantly to global edible oil production. In India, Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) dominates Brassica cultivation, yet the country remains heavily dependent on edible oil imports due to insufficient domestic production. Enhancing seed vigor, a key determinant of crop establishment and yield, offers a promising avenue for improving productivity. This study assessed the genetic diversity of 300 rapeseed and mustard genotypes for seed vigor traits using multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Eleven seed vigor-related traits were evaluated, and PCA revealed four principal components with eigenvalues greater than one, collectively explaining 77.09% of the total variance. The first principal component, accounting for 33.98% of the variability, was primarily influenced by germination percentage, seed vigor indices (SVI-1 and SVI-2), and shoot length. Cluster analysis classified the genotypes into four distinct groups, with cluster 2 displaying the highest seed vigor, making it an ideal candidate for breeding programs. Correlation analysis further underscored the strong positive relationships between germination percentage and seed vigor indices. Promising genotypes, such as IC-19950, IC-23061, LES-42, LES-62, and MST Q 20, exhibited excellent seed vigor with germination percentages of 100%, 100%, 97%, 98%, and 96%, respectively, and seed vigor index-I (SVI-1) values of 1480, 1089, 1254.79, 1177.45, and 1250.32, respectively. Furthermore, IC-597926 demonstrated a speed of germination (SOG) of 66.17 and the highest oil content (OC) at 43.63%, IC-122491 showed a high SOG of 31.17 and a coefficient of velocity of germination of 22.07, and IC-491092 exhibited an SVI-1 value of 1498.18 and an OC of 35.65%. These findings offer valuable insights into the genetic diversity of rapeseed and mustard genotypes, providing a foundation for breeding strategies to enhance seed vigor and overall crop performance.

Author ORCID Identifier

AYUSHI YADAV: 0009-0009-3835-6196

SHIV YADAV: 0000-0003-3586-8128

RAVISH CHOUDHARY: 0000-0002-0502-8649

SUSHMA KUMAR: 0000-0002-4140-8526

ANBALAGAN ANUMANTHARAJ: 0009-0007-7667-7762

RAKESH BHARADWAJ: 0000-0002-0264-7057

RASHMI YADAV: 0000-0002-5622-7509

YASHPAL TAAK: 0000-0003-0645-0216

NAVINDER SAINI: 0000-0002-9292-1012

SNEHA ADHIKARI: 0000-0002-3564-1786

SANGITA YADAV: 0000-0002-3791-7424

DOI

10.55730/1300-011X.3294

Keywords

Seed vigor, genetic diversity, principal component analysis, cluster analysis

First Page

651

Last Page

660

Publisher

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK)

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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