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Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Abstract

Background/aimOsteobiologics are increasingly used in orthopedics and spine surgery to facilitate bone healing and prevent non-union. Synthetic osteobiologics are artificial materials crafted in laboratories that aim to replicate the natural composition and functionality of bone. Notable examples, such as calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate, are engineered to mirror the mineral aspect of bone. They mimic human bone functionality, exhibiting osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic properties. These characteristics promote cell attachment, migration, recruitment, and differentiation. Consequently, synthetic osteobiologics (osteoconductive grafts) have been introduced in bone fracture repair. The main strength of synthetic osteobiologics in spine surgery lies in improving fusion rates and clinical outcomes. The commercial biologics landscape boasts an excess of 350 bone substitute materials, a number that continues to grow exponentially with the development of sub-types. However, the proliferation of these products, primarily driven by the medical device industry and non-academic entities, has led to a significant dearth of supporting empirical data. This deficiency underscores the imperative need for rigorous scrutiny and research to establish a solid foundation for their utilization. Healthcare professionals require high-quality research in large prospective studies with satisfactory follow-up periods to interpret and compare the performance of osteobiologics. Importantly, it is imperative to study the added cost of using these materials in spine surgery. In the current review, we provide an overview of the currently available synthetic osteobiologics used in spine surgery.

Author ORCID Identifier

AYDINAYDIN SİNAN APAYDINAPAYDİN: 0000-0002-2916-9550

ELI JOHNSON: 0000-0003-1960-0789

PRINCE ANTWI: 0000-0002-8946-3241

BRETT ROCOS: 0000-0002-0808-5585

MICHAEL HAGLUND: 0000-0002-6332-0808

CHRISTOPHER SHAFFREY: 0000-0001-9760-8386

PETER PASSIAS: 0000-0002-1479-4070

MUHAMMAD ADB-EL-BARR: 0000-0001-7151-2861

KHOI THAN: 0000-0003-2026-7004

DOI

10.55730/1300-0144.5941

Keywords

osteobiologics, spine fusion, Syntetic Osteobiologics

First Page

43

Last Page

51

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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