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Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

DOI

10.55730/1300-0144.5783

Abstract

Awake craniotomy (AC) maximizes the resection of lesions in eloquent brain areas while preserving functionality.Tumor delineation with intraoperative use of sodium fluorescein (NaFl) facilitates total resection. When used with AC, it may allowfor safe resection without increasing the risk of postoperative neurologic deficits. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of thecombined use of NaFl and AC for maximum safe resection in patients with brain metastases.Material and methods: Patients who underwent AC due to brain metastasis in the Department of Neurosurgery of Uludağ University’sFaculty of Medicine between January 1, 2018 and August 1, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. The study comprised 2 patient groups:plain AC (pAC) and NaFl-guided AC (NaFlg–AC). Surgical outcomes related to fluorescence intensity, degree of resection, perioperativecomplications, and postoperative neurological factors were evaluated.Results: The pAC group included 16 patients (12 males, 4 females), and the NaFlg–AC group comprised 21 (13 males, 7 females).The mean patient ages for males and females were 61.4 years (61.4 ± 9.5 years) and 60.4 years (60.6 ± 12 years), respectively. The mostcommon origin of the metastatic lesion was the lung in both the pAC and NaFlg–AC groups (n = 12 vs. n = 14, respectively). Gross totalresection (GTR) was achieved in 85.7% of the patients in the NaFlg–AC group, whereas the GTR rate was 68.7% in the pAC group. Therewas no significant difference in GTR rates between the 2 groups (p = 0.254). The mean duration of the resection time was significantlyshorter in the NaFlg–AC group (45.95 ± 7.00 min vs. 57.5 ± 12.51 min; p = 0.002). The patients’ Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS)score did not reach statistical significance at 6-month follow-up in either group compared to their preoperative baseline scores (p =0.374). KPS did not show a significant difference between the 2 groups at any time.Conclusion: Fluorescence-guided resection in AC for metastatic tumors in sensory, motor, and cognitive areas is a feasible, safe, andconvenient technique that significantly increases GTR rates and shortens operative time compared to conventional white light surgerywithout fluorescence guidance. It also does not increase the incidence of postoperative complications. With the combined use of AC andNaFl, ensuring clear and visible tumor margins during surgery and controlling patients’ neurological function in real-time are possible.

Keywords

Fluorescence-guided surgery, awake craniotomy, brain metastasis, sodium fluorescein

First Page

220

Last Page

228

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