Integrated DInSAR and HVSR microtremor analysis for understanding ground deformation and site effects: case study of the Bawean earthquake (M6.5)

Authors

JOSHUA PURBAFollow
MUHAMMAD FIKRI HAYQAL HIOLAFollow
RAMADHAN PRIADIFollow
RISKA YULINDAFollow
IHAM ILHAMFollow
ROSA AMELIAFollow

Abstract

This study investigates the seismic hazards of Bawean Island following a recent M6.5 earthquake using an integrated approach combining differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) methodologies. The DInSAR analysis revealed ground deformation characterized by subsidence up to 10 cm and uplift up to 8 cm, correlating with the region’s strike-slip fault dynamics. HVSR analysis provided insights into site amplification effects, identifying zones with low Vs30 values (153.77–454.72 m/s), high amplification factors (A0), and elevated seismic vulnerability index values (Kg). The dominant frequency (f0) on Bawean Island ranges from 0.64 to 17.76 Hz, with most areas exhibiting low-frequency values below 2.5 Hz, indicating the prevalence of soft subsurface materials. Localized higher f0 values in the northwestern Tambak and southwestern Sangkapura areas suggest zones underlain by stiffer geological units. These results highlight the geological complexity and spatial variability of seismic hazards on the island. The applied dual-method approach proved effective in delineating high-risk zones and enhancing the predictive accuracy of seismic hazard assessments. The findings may contribute to the development of targeted mitigation strategies and provide a framework for similar studies in other geologically complex regions.

Author ORCID Identifier

JOSHUA PURBA: 0009-0006-7959-8288

MUHAMMAD HIOLA: 0009-0005-2894-2053

RAMADHAN PRIADI: 0009-0009-5687-566X

RISKA YULINDA: 0009-0008-9336-4327

IHAM ILHAM: 0009-0003-9400-102X

ROSA AMELIA: 0009-0000-4260-2825

DOI

10.55730/1300-0985.2011

Keywords

Land subsidence, uplift, DInSAR method, HVSR method, Bawean Island

First Page

154

Last Page

172

Publisher

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Recommended Citation

PURBA, J, HIOLA, M. F, PRIADI, R, YULINDA, R, ILHAM, I, & AMELIA, R (2026). Integrated DInSAR and HVSR microtremor analysis for understanding ground deformation and site effects: case study of the Bawean earthquake (M6.5). Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 35 (2): 154-172. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0985.2011