Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Abstract
In this work, electrochemical biosensors utilizing tyrosinase (Tyr) for the detection of the nonselective beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (ISO) are presented. Three different configurations for immobilizing Tyr on a graphite electrode (GE) are compared: (1) GE modified with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), PDADMAC/Tyr/GE; (2) PDADMAC combined with iridium nanoparticles (IrNPs) in a stepwise preparation, resulting in PDADMAC/IrNPs/Tyr/GE; and (3) a composite of PDADMAC and IrNPs mixed with Tyr at a 1:1 (v:v), forming PDADMAC/(IrNPs-Tyr)/GE. Surface morphology was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry were applied to characterize the biosensor’s performance. Within the linear range of 5 μM to 211 μM, the biosensor PDADMAC/Tyr/GE exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.4 μM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 4.1 μM. PDADMAC/IrNPs/Tyr/GE displayed improved sensitivity with an LOD of 0.9 μM and an LOQ of 2.8 μM. The configuration PDADMAC/(IrNPs-Tyr)/GE demonstrated the best performance with an LOD of 0.3 μM and an LOQ of 0.8 μM. The slopes (0.0147 μA/M, 0.0096 μA/M, and 0.0031 μA/M for PDADMAC/(IrNPs-Tyr)/GE, PDADMAC/IrNPs/Tyr/GE, and PDADMAC/Tyr/GE, respectively) of the concentration dependencies for the three sensor modifications (which represent the analytical sensitivity) demonstrate the achieved enhancement of analytical performance by IrNPs. Furthermore, the biosensor’s ability to detect ISO in the presence of potential interferences, such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and paracetamol, was assessed. Additionally, we demonstrated the biosensor’s potential to detect ISO in diluted spiked human serum samples.
Author ORCID Identifier
AYSEL OKTAY: 0000-0002-3729-3551
SEVİNÇ KURBANOĞLU: 0000-0002-7079-7604
GÜLSÜM GÜNDOĞDU: 0000-0003-2380-7942
CEM ÜSTÜNDAĞ: 0000-0002-4439-0878
FRIEDER SCHELLER: 0000-0002-6797-2133
AYSU YARMAN: 0000-0002-1465-9848
DOI
10.55730/1300-0527.3765
Keywords
Isoproterenol (isoprenaline), electrochemical biosensor, tyrosinase, iridium nanoparticles, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)
First Page
706
Last Page
716
Publisher
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK)
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Recommended Citation
OKTAY, A, KURBANOĞLU, S, GÜNDOĞDU, G, ÜSTÜNDAĞ, C. B, SCHELLER, F. W, & YARMAN, A (2025). Enhancing analytical performance of tyrosinase-based sensors with nanoparticles for detection of isoproterenol. Turkish Journal of Chemistry 49 (6): 706-716. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0527.3765
