Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Abstract
In the past few years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained a lot of attention and become a well-known topic in solar studies due to their lower manufacturing costs and improved efficiencies. Previously utilized hole transport materials (HTMs), such as poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] and 2,2ʹ,7,7ʹ-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9ʹ-spirobifluorene, are challenging due to their high price, complicated synthesis, limited carrier mobility, and poor device stability. Developing HTMs for PSCs that are inexpensive and high-performance has gained much interest. Currently, many HTMs of organic molecules are used to improve photovoltaic qualities and reduce synthesis costs. Effectively using HTMs is essential for producing the best photovoltaic efficiency in PSCs because they are essential in extracting and transporting charge carriers. Pyrene-based HTMs have excellent device performance, chemical stability, and photovoltaic qualities compared to the other organic moieties. The significant developments made in pyrene- based HTMs over the past five years are reported herein. This review analyzed the relationship between the molecular structure, hole mobility, highest occupied molecular orbital–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels, power conversion efficiency (PCE), and energy band gap of pyrene-based HTMs. It was revealed that PSC devices fabricated with pyrene-based HTMs have attained a PCE greater than 22%. It is hoped that this review will encourage more researchers to develop HTMs that have good performance, low cost, and high device stability.
Author ORCID Identifier
MADIHA IRFAN: 0000-0002-6364-5274
AAMER SAEED: 0009-0003-9432-1445
SANIA TAHIR: 0009-0008-7760-6752
MUHAMMAD YAQOOB: 0009-0005-0095-161X
SOHAIB ZIA: 0009-0004-7665-3187
MUHAMMAD USAMA: 0009-0004-0595-023X
JUNAID MUKHTAR: 0009-0001-6439-6943
USAMA FARRUKH: 0009-0008-1451-5722
SARA REHMAN: 0009-0009-2324-7771
DOI
10.55730/1300-0527.3727
Keywords
Pyrene, pyrene-based HTMs, perovskite solar cells, power conversion efficiency, hole transport materials
First Page
254
Last Page
266
Publisher
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK)
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Recommended Citation
IRFAN, M, SAEED, A, TAHIR, S, YAQOOB, M. R, ZIA, S. A, USAMA, M, MUKHTAR, J, FARRUKH, U, & REHMAN, S (2025). Pyrene-based hole transport materials for efficient perovskite solar cells. Turkish Journal of Chemistry 49 (3): 254-266. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0527.3727
