Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Abstract
In the present study, the electrochemical behavior and quantitative determination of the Schiff base 3-[(anthracen-2-yl)imino]-5-nitro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one (ANT) were investigated for the first time using voltammetric techniques at a glassy carbon electrode. The effects of solvent composition, pH, and scan rate on the redox behavior of ANT were systematically evaluated. The compound exhibited an irreversible oxidation process governed by adsorption-controlled kinetics. Quantitative analysis was conducted using differential pulse stripping voltammetry (AdS-DPV) and square-wave stripping voltammetry (AdS-SWV) under optimized conditions. Both methods exhibited linear responses over the concentration range of 0.2–8.0 μM, with limits of detection of 0.0366 μM and 0.0433 μM for AdS-DPV and AdS-SWV, respectively. The precision of the methods was confirmed through intra- and interday measurements, with relative standard deviations below 1.73%. Recovery studies performed in protein-free human serum yielded 99.78% and 99.52% recoveries for AdS-DPV and AdS-SWV, respectively, demonstrating their applicability to biological matrices. Mechanistic studies using 5-nitroisatin and indomethacin as model compounds indicated that ANT predominantly undergoes oxidation at the anthracene core, an outcome influenced by the nitro group, rather than at the isatin moiety. Collectively, the results reveal the developed voltammetric procedures to be simple, selective, sensitive, and reproducible, providing robust and reliable tools for the electrochemical analysis of this anthracene‒isatin Schiff base derivative in biological matrices.
Author ORCID Identifier
GÖKÇE ÖZTÜRK: 0000-0002-3332-7136
İREM GÖKGÖZ: 0009-0001-2636-2611
EMİNE ARSLAN: 0009-0005-1414-291X
ELİF ŞİŞMAN: 0000-0003-4092-3195
İNCİ DOĞAN: 0000-0003-4949-1747
DİLEK KUL: 0000-0002-8665-9417
FATMA AĞIN: 0000-0002-6973-4323
DOI
10.55730/1300-0527.3791
Keywords
Adsorptive stripping voltammetry, electrochemical oxidation, glassy carbon electrode, Schiff base, serum analysis
First Page
207
Last Page
216
Publisher
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK)
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Recommended Citation
ÖZTÜRK, G, GÖKGÖZ, İ, ARSLAN, E, ŞİŞMAN, E, DOĞAN, İ. S, KUL, D, & AĞIN, F (2026). Sensitive stripping voltammetric determination of an anthracene–isatin Schiff base in biological samples. Turkish Journal of Chemistry 50 (2): 207-216. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0527.3791
