Exploring the population structure and genetic diversity in apple germplasm using iPBS-retrotransposon markers

Authors

AIGUL MADENOVAFollow
ANGSAGAN KUANFollow
AMJAD ALIFollow
MUHAMMAD AZHAR NADEEMFollow
MUHAMMAD TANVEER ALTAFFollow
BALNUR KABYLBEKOVAFollow
DINARA KALDYBAEVAFollow
TİMUR TURDİYEVFollow
FAHEEM SHAHZAD BALOCHFollow

Author ORCID Identifier

AIGUL MADENOVA: 0000-0003-0349-749X

ANGSAGAN KUAN: 0000-0002-7865-8879

AMJAD ALI: 0000-0003-0816-1872

MUHAMMAD AZHAR NADEEM: 0000-0002-0637-9619

MUHAMMAD TANVEER ALTAF: 0000-0003-2373-857X

BALNUR KABYLBEKOVA: 0000-0003-4933-4151

DINARA KALDYBAEVA: 0000-0002-7544-9182

TİMUR TURDİYEV: 0000-0002-6476-1007

FAHEEM SHAHZAD BALOCH: 0000-0002-7470-0080

DOI

10.55730/1300-008X.2827

Abstract

The apple (Malus domestica [Suckow] Borkh) is economically and culturally significant worldwide, thriving in temperate regions. This study examined genetic variations among 52 apple accessions from three research centers in Kazakhstan using the iPBS-retrotransposons marker system. Out of 35 screened markers, 12 highly polymorphic markers were selected for PCR amplification, resulting in 280 bands, 279 of which were polymorphic, yielding a 99.64% polymorphism rate. Genetic diversity indices showed substantial variation: effective number of alleles (ne=1.655), Shannon's information index (I=0.373), gene diversity (h=0.549), and an average genetic distance of 1.2. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 98.80% of the variation was within the population. STRUCTURE analysis grouped the germplasm into two populations and one unclassified group based on collection centers. Both the neighbor-joining tree and PCoA supported the STRUCTURE results, dividing the germplasm into two groups. The study highlighted significant genetic variation among apple accessions, demonstrating the effectiveness of the iPBS-retrotransposons marker system. The STRUCTURE analysis provided clearer separation of accessions compared to neighbor-joining trees. The highest genetic distance of 1.2 was observed between the Tyulpan and Red Chief samples, making these accessions suitable candidates for advanced breeding initiatives.

Keywords

Apple germplasm, Genetic diversity, iPBS-retrotransposons, Population structure

First Page

454

Last Page

465

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Recommended Citation

MADENOVA, AIGUL; KUAN, ANGSAGAN; ALI, AMJAD; NADEEM, MUHAMMAD AZHAR; ALTAF, MUHAMMAD TANVEER; KABYLBEKOVA, BALNUR; KALDYBAEVA, DINARA; TURDİYEV, TİMUR; and BALOCH, FAHEEM SHAHZAD (2024) "Exploring the population structure and genetic diversity in apple germplasm using iPBS-retrotransposon markers," Turkish Journal of Botany: Vol. 48: No. 7, Article 6. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-008X.2827
Available at: https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/vol48/iss7/6