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Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Abstract

Background/aim: The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate the commonalities and distinctions between patients with seronegative and seropositive primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).Materials and methods: Between January 2010 and June 2023, 399 pSS were retrospectively examined. Patients with negative anti-SSA/Ro, anti-SSB/La, ANA, and RF antibodies comprised the seronegative group, while patients with at least one antibody positivity classified the seropositive group.Results: The most common clinical features were arthralgia (81.2%), arthritis (11.5%), hematological (19.8%) and pulmonary (11.8%) involvement. In 41 patients (10.3%), no autoantibody positivity was detected. The number of patients with at least one extraarticular involvement was statistically more frequent in the seropositive group (p=0.011). Dry mouth was found to be more prevalent among seronegative patients (p=0.003). While hyperimmune gammaglobulinemia exhibited a higher prevalence within the seropositive group (p=0.004), the occurrence of reduced complement levels demonstrated similar rates in both groups. All deaths that occurred were observed exclusively within the seropositive group (17/358, 4.7%). No difference was observed between the two groups concerning mortality (p=0.237) and the malignancies (seropositive group:9/358, 2.5% vs seronegative group:3/41, 7.3%, p=0.115). There was a statistically significant association between low C4 levels (OR=2.99 [1.09-8.16], p=0.045 in Model 1, OR=3.10 [1.14-8.42], p=0.022 in Model 2), and extraarticular findings.Conclusion: In conclusion, while hematologic, renal, pulmonary, and neurological involvements are observed with similar frequency in both seronegative and seropositive pSS patients, the presence of any extra-articular manifestations was more common in seropositive patients. Additionally, there was a relationship between extra-articular involvement and low C4 levels.

Author ORCID Identifier

MÜÇTEBA YAYLA: 0000-0002-5998-6703

RAHİME AKSOY: 0000-0001-8433-3627

EMİNE USLU: 0000-0002-4717-3000

ZEHRA KARAMAN: 0000-0003-3004-5413

RECEP YILMAZ: 0000-0001-8806-8621

AHMET İLBAY: 0000-0002-7645-9462

NİLGÜN GÖVEÇ GIYNAŞ: 0009-0001-9636-2406

ABDULBAKİ GAYDAN: 0009-0002-4917-6106

AHMET USTA: 0000-0003-3149-9505

YETER MAHMUTOĞLU: 0009-0004-3691-5031

AŞKIN ATEŞ: 0000-0003-1966-3333

MURAT TURGAY: 0000-0001-5302-4485

DOI

10.55730/1300-0144.5873

Keywords

antinuclear antibody, C4 complement, rheumatoid factor, SS-A antibody, SS-B antibody

First Page

956

Last Page

962

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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